Group Selection

Transaction Publishers
Π•Π»Π΅ΠΊΡ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ½Π½Π° ΠΊΠ½ΠΈΠ³Π°
210
Π‘Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΡ†ΠΈ
ΠžΡ‚Π³ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ€Ρ Π½Π° условията

Всичко Π·Π° Ρ‚Π°Π·ΠΈ Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ½Π½Π° ΠΊΠ½ΠΈΠ³Π°

Living things are constantly engaged in a struggle for existence, and ingenious devices for the purpose of self-preservation can be seen in all types of animal and plant life. However, nature also displays phenomena that are not related to survival or that seem clearly to violate the principle of self-preservation--particularly when organisms interact with one another. Darwin investigated these apparent contradictions and proposed that both mechanisms of self preservation and those of reproduction are explained by a more basic principle of "natural selection"--the reproductive survival of the fittest. George C. Williams in Group Selection challenges the adequacy of this process of selection at the individual level.

Williams has here collected the work of the chief partisans with opposed viewpoints on the theory of selection at the group level to state their arguments and rebuttals. A minority of modern biologists offer evidence to show that groups of living things are organized to assure their collective survival; they are not merely collections of individuals designed for their own survival and reproduction. In opposition, defenders of the traditional point of view charge that mechanisms of group survival are based on illusion and misinterpretation.

Because of the wide range of opinion expressed in Group Selection, the reader is exposed to all sides of the dispute and encouraged to form his or her own views. In addition, as a source book on current evolutionary issues or for research or reference material, Group Selection remains a valuable addition to every personal and institutional library in the biological sciences.

George C. Williams is professor emeritus of biological sciences at the State University of New York at Stony Brook. He is the author of Adaptation and Natural Selection and has contributed numerous articles to scholarly publications on the behavior and ecology of fish and has published several technical articles on evolutionary mechanisms, especially in relation to social behavior, strategies of reproduction, and adaptive features of life cycles. He is a member of the National Academy of Sciences and was awarded its Elliot Medal.

Living things are constantly engaged in a struggle for existence, and ingenious devices for the purpose of self-preservation can be seen in all types of animal and plant life. However, nature also displays phenomena that are not related to survival or that seem clearly to violate the principle of...

ΠžΡ‚ΠΊΡ€ΠΈΠΉΡ‚Π΅ ΠΎΡ‰Π΅

ΠžΡ†Π΅Π½Π΅Ρ‚Π΅ Ρ‚Π°Π·ΠΈ Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ½Π½Π° ΠΊΠ½ΠΈΠ³Π°

ΠšΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅ Π½ΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠ²ΠΎ мислитС.

Π˜Π½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΡ Π·Π° Ρ‡Π΅Ρ‚Π΅Π½Π΅Ρ‚ΠΎ

Π‘ΠΌΠ°Ρ€Ρ‚Ρ„ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ ΠΈ Ρ‚Π°Π±Π»Π΅Ρ‚ΠΈ
Π˜Π½ΡΡ‚Π°Π»ΠΈΡ€Π°ΠΉΡ‚Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎ Google Play Книги Π·Π° Android ΠΈ iPad/iPhone. Π’ΠΎ Π°Π²Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌΠ°Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΎ сС синхронизира с ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ„ΠΈΠ»Π° Π²ΠΈ ΠΈ Π²ΠΈ позволява Π΄Π° Ρ‡Π΅Ρ‚Π΅Ρ‚Π΅ ΠΎΠ½Π»Π°ΠΉΠ½ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΎΡ„Π»Π°ΠΉΠ½, ΠΊΡŠΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΈ Π΄Π° стС.
Π›Π°ΠΏΡ‚ΠΎΠΏΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΡŽΡ‚Ρ€ΠΈ
ΠœΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅ Π΄Π° ΡΠ»ΡƒΡˆΠ°Ρ‚Π΅ Π·Π°ΠΊΡƒΠΏΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ ΠΎΡ‚ Google Play Π°ΡƒΠ΄ΠΈΠΎΠΊΠ½ΠΈΠ³ΠΈ посрСдством ΡƒΠ΅Π± Π±Ρ€Π°ΡƒΠ·ΡŠΡ€Π° Π½Π° ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΡŽΡ‚ΡŠΡ€Π° си.
Π•Π»Π΅ΠΊΡ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΈ Ρ‡Π΅Ρ‚Ρ†ΠΈ ΠΈ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈ устройства
Π—Π° Π΄Π° Ρ‡Π΅Ρ‚Π΅Ρ‚Π΅ Π½Π° устройства с Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎ мастило, ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚ΠΎ Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ Ρ‡Π΅Ρ‚Ρ†ΠΈ ΠΎΡ‚ Kobo, трябва Π΄Π° ΠΈΠ·Ρ‚Π΅Π³Π»ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ» ΠΈ Π΄Π° Π³ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Ρ…Π²ΡŠΡ€Π»ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ Π½Π° устройството си. Π˜Π·ΠΏΡŠΠ»Π½Π΅Ρ‚Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ€ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ инструкции Π² ΠŸΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰Π½ΠΈΡ Ρ†Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΡŠΡ€, Π·Π° Π΄Π° ΠΏΡ€Π΅Ρ…Π²ΡŠΡ€Π»ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ‚Π΅ Π² ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄ΡŠΡ€ΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΈ Ρ‡Π΅Ρ‚Ρ†ΠΈ.

ΠžΡ‰Π΅ ΠΎΡ‚ George C. Williams

Подобни Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΈ ΠΊΠ½ΠΈΠ³ΠΈ